Virgin Soil Upturned (1959 film) — советский художественный фильм снятый по одноименному роману Mikhail Sholokhov about collectivization on the Don
Production:Mosfilm film studio, USSR, 1959.
Filmmaker: A.Ivanov
Screenplay by: M.Sholokhov, S.Yermolinsky
Starring:A.Abrikosov, P.Chernov, P.Glebov, L.Khityaeva, L.Kmit, E. Matveev
Duration: 3 серии — 198 минут минуты
Plot of the film Virgin Soil Upturned (1959 film):
The film takes place in the early 1930s in the USSR. A 25,000-strong St. Petersburg communist worker, Semyon Davydov, arrives in the village of Gremyachiy Lug.
Партия доверила Давыдову ответственное дело — проведение в станице коллективизации и организацию колхоза.
Many peasants, especially the most prosperous and hard-working, were extremely hostile to the idea of collectivization and collective farms.
After all, everything that had been acquired through backbreaking labor had to be given to the state without compensation. A peasant who owned two cows was considered a kulak and was subject to dispossession. In the village, as throughout the country, discontent was brewing.
The chairman of the village council Andrey Razmetnov and the secretary of the party cell Makar Nugulnov have their own view on the solution to this problem. They have long been itching to, as in the hard times of the civil war, put the counter-revolutionaries up against the wall and shoot them.
But Davydov is forced to cool the revolutionary ardor of his local comrades. After all, a collective farm is a "voluntary" matter, and here people need to be convinced with Lenin's truth, not a revolver.
Immediately after his arrival, Davydov organizes a general meeting of the peasants and tells them all the “delights” of the collective farm movement.
But many wealthy peasants (kulaks) begin to stir up trouble, speaking out against the collective farms. After the meeting, Davydov and his comrades decide to subject all kulaks to dispossession and send them north into exile.
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Soon a collective farm was created in Gremyachiy Lug and Davydov became its chairman. At this time, the kulaks, who had not resigned themselves to Soviet power, were preparing an uprising.
The leader of the kulak movement, a former Cossack captain and now a teacher in one of the villages, Aleksandr Polovtsev, arrives in the village. He stops at the hidden kulak Yakov Ostrovny.
Polovtsev needs his own agent in the collective farm, so he persuades Ostrovny to join the collective farm in order to destroy it from within. The collective farm management gladly accepts the enterprising peasant into the collective farm and appoints this hardened kulak as a caretaker.
Having destroyed the kulaks, Davydov and his comrades took on the so-called doubting “middle peasants.”
The hot communist Nagulnov beat up one of these doubters right in his office, and locked three others in a storage room. Such active and harsh measures immediately brought a positive result: the number of doubters decreased. Razmetnov highly appreciated the actions of his comrade, but what would the party say?
But the party did not appreciate Nagulnov's zeal. At that moment, Stalin's famous article about "dizziness from success" and "excesses in the localities" was published, and the fiery revolutionary Nagulnov fell under the campaign against the exaggerators, he was summoned to the district and expelled from the party.
Out of despair, the hero of the civil war almost shot himself. But when he caught himself thinking that the kulaks would dance at his funeral, he changed his mind.
Stalin's article brought confusion into the ranks of the kulaks; many of them, convinced that evil was not coming from the center, but from local leaders, refused to rebel against the authorities.
However, Polovtsev and Ostrovnoy did not resign themselves to power. Soon Davydov and his comrades learn that Ostrovnoy is a saboteur and under cover of night they go to his house to arrest him, but an ambush awaits them there…
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